CBSENEETJEEClass 11
What is ionization enthalpy?
Answer
Ionization enthalpy is the minimum energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its ground state.
The working
Definition
It is the energy needed to knock out the outermost electron from one mole of gaseous atoms to form gaseous cations.
Representation
For an atom X, the process is X(g) → X⁺(g) + e⁻, and the energy absorbed is the ionization enthalpy.
Periodic trend
It generally increases across a period and decreases down a group as atomic size grows.
Key point
It is always positive because energy must be supplied to overcome the attraction of the nucleus for the electron.
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